![]() The thickness of red clay in China varies greatly and red clay is a special regional soil 2. Red clay is most widely distributed in Guizhou, Yunnan and Guangxi province as well as in Southern Sichuan, Hunan, Hubei, Guangdong and Jiangxi province in China 2. Red clay is brownish yellow–red residual clay formed by carbonate rocks after chemical weathering in moderate temperature and moist climate conditions. Red clay refers to the insoluble clay mineral formed by various rocks that make up the earth's crust under the humid and hot climate conditions, its main component is clay mineral 1. UU tests showed that the shear strength of undisturbed red clay was higher than that of remoulded red clay. The pore area, perimeter and maximum length of undisturbed red clay were smaller than those of remoulded red clay, with a larger probability entropy, probability distribution index and fractal dimension of pore distribution of undisturbed red clay than remoulded red clay. ![]() The pores in undisturbed soil were arranged in one direction, with no obvious directionality in remoulded red clay. ![]() In addition, the main microstructure red clay was flocculation, honeycomb and pseudosphere structures. Moreover, the contact modes of red clay aggregates were point contact, line contact, surface contact and mosaic contact. The microanalysis showed that the red clay aggregate was granular, curved-slice and thin layered and flower-shaped ellipsoid, with X and Y-type cracks and pores in the undisturbed red clay. ![]() Unconsolidated-undrained (UU) tests were conducted to investigate the mechanical and morphological properties of undisturbed and remoulded red clay, with the microscopic characteristics determined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). ![]()
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